report file on CNC machine HARIDWAR

CNC means Computer Numerical Control. This means a computer converts the design into numbers which the computer uses to control the cutting and shaping of the material. Numerical control for machines .tools were introduced in 1950’s by Prof.John T Parsons. The first NC machine was built at the Massachusetts institute of Technology in 1953 by joint efforts of US Air Force, the MIT and parson’s cooperation. NC is control by numbers .NC is control recorded information called part program, which is set of coded instructions given as numbers for automatic control of am machine in a pre-determined sequence.Numerical control can be defined as a  technique of controlling a machine tool by the direct insertion of numerical data at some point of the system .The functions that are controlled on the  machine tool are displacement of the slide members, spindle speeds ,tool selection etc. At first, the numerical control was used to produce geocentrically complex parts, but later used for added efficiency in medium batch production of turned and milled parts presently, Numerical control is employed in all sectors of production. Rapid development in the field of electronics such as integrated circuit, large scale integrated circuits and development of minicomputer lead to the development of minicomputers based CNC systems. Further development and the electronic “chip” revolution have ushered in the current generation “compact and powerful” Microprocessor based CNC systems. Development of computer numerically controlled (CNC) machines is an outstanding contribution to the manufacturing industries. It has made possible the automation of the machining process with flexibility to handle small to medium batch of quantities in part production. Initially, the CNC technology was applied on basic metal cutting machine like lathes, milling machines, etc. Later, to increase the flexibility of the machines in handling a variety of components and to finish them in a single setup on the same machine, CNC machines capable of performing multiple operations were developed. To start with, this concept was applied to develop a CNC machining center for machining prismatic components combining operations like milling, drilling, boring and taping. Further, the concept of multi-operations was also extended for machining cylindrical components, which led to the development of turning centers. Computer  Numerical  Control  (CNC)  is  a  specialized  and  versatile  form  of  Soft Automation  and  its  applications cover  many  kinds,  although  it  was  initially developed to control the motion and operation of machine tools. Computer Numerical Control may be considered to be a means of operating a machine through the use of discrete numerical values fed into the machine, where the required 'input' technical information is stored on a kind of input media such as floppy disk, hard disk, CD ROM, DVD, USB flash drive, or RAM card etc. The machine  follows  a  predetermined  sequence  of  machining  operations  at  the predetermined speeds necessary to produce a work piece of the right shape and size and thus according to completely predictable results. A different product can be produced through reprogramming and a low-quantity production run of different products is justified. Numerical control (NC) is a method employed for controlling the motions of a machine tool slide and its auxiliary functions with input in the form of numerical data. A computer numerical control (CNC) is a microprocessor-based system.....